Motion-picture machine.



R. HEAD.

MOTION PICTURE MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 26, 1909 Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

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' APPLICATION FILED MAYZS, I909. 1,134,61 1. Patented.Apr.6,1915lISIEETB-BHEET 2. v

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MOTION PICTURE MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY26. 1909.

Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

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MOTION PICTURE MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 26, I909.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT HEAD, or EW YORK, N.

Y., ASSIGNOB To ROBERT L. WATKINS, or NEW roam N. Y.

MOTION-PICTURE MACHINE.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

Application filed May 26, 1909-. Serial No. 498,536.

impressions-of pictures in rapid succession on a photographic film.

A further object is to enable the machine to be used in connection witha magnifying apparatus or microscope whereby enlarged images maybephotographed. A speclal purpose of this part of the apparatus is tophotograph specimens of blood for the diagnosis of diseases.

spool or drum, C. The spool, B, isnot ably to a base, a.

The invention consists in the construction and combination ofpartshereinafter described and claimed.

In: the accompanying drawings have illustrated difl'erent practicalembodiments of'the invention, but the constructions shown therein are tobe understood as illustrative,

only, and notas defining the limits of the.

invention.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my new. machine for producingphotographic negatives in rapid succession ona movable film, thecasingof the machine being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a verticalsection on the line 22 of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is an end elevation looking .atthe right of Fig. 2, a part of the figure being in section and brokenaway.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are viewsin side elevation and inplan of the shuttermechanism adapt-' ed for operation by the means for intermit tentlymoving the film. Fig. 6 is an elevation illustrating my machine inconjunction with a magnifying apparatus. Fig. 7 is a detailsec'tion onthe'line 7-7 of Fig. 1, illustrating the means forintermittentlyrotating one of the feedspools.

A, designates a suitable supporting frame .-for the operative parts ofthemachine, the

same being housedor contained within a casing, a, the latter-beingfastened detach- The frame is provided with a plurality of top rails, a,which form bearings for shafts, B, C, adapted to carry a supply spool ordrum, B, and a winding driven by power, but on the contrary, it rotatesidly by a pull upon the film. For restraining the' supply spool from toorapid rotation, a suitable brake or tension device, I), is employed, thesame being shown in the form of a spring attached to the spool near oneendand adapted for engagement fric:

tionally with one of the rails, a The winding spool, C, is provided witha pulley, 0, adapted to be driven by a/belt, D, from a driving pulley,D, the latter being made fast with shaft, D which is journaled in theframe,- A. Said shaft may be rotated in any suitable way, but as shownin Fig. 3, I may employ a crank, 03, having astud, d, adapted tointerlock with a notch, d of shaft, D whereby the crank 'is connecteddetachably to said shaft and said crank operates the shaft only when itis turned in one direction.

E, designates a feed drum or spool adapted to rotate continuously in onedirection, said feed drum or spool having teeth, 0, which workinperforations provided, in the film, F. The feed drum is carried byashaft. e, journaled in the frame, A, below supply spool B, and atoneend of said shaft, 6, I

is provided a'gear, 6 which meshes directly with a gear, e that is madefast with shaft, D whereby the shaft is adapted to operate spool, E,through the intermeshing gears,

G, de'signates a take up spool or drum which is carried by a shaft, 9,said shaft be- 7 ing journaled in frame, A, below winding spool, C, andparallel to spool,E. The take up spool, G, is provided with teeth, 9,similar to teeth, 6, of feed spool, E, butwhile the .last mentionedspool, E, rotates continuously, I'have provided means for intermittentlyrotating said take up spool, G, so that itwill advance film, F, by anintermitten-t motion and with intervals of rest or dwell.

The meansfor intermittently rotating take up spool, G, constitutes animportant element of my invention. -In the embodiment. shownmorep'articulafly in Figs. 1, 3, and 7 of the drawings, shaft, 9, isextended a suitable distance through one side of frame, A,.-a'nd mountedrigidly on said extended part of the shaft is the shouldered memberheretofore mentioned. Said shouldered member, G, in the form of adisk,'H,

saiddisk being provided with a notch, h, y

forms a Shoulder, h. Driving memher, I, in. the form of 'a gear wheel,is mounted loosely on the extended part of shaft, 9, and this gearmeshes with'geanc of driving shaft,-D whereby gear, I, is adapted toturn continuously in one direction when shaft, D is rotated. Said gear,I, and the disk, H, are operatively vconnected by a coiled spring, J,the same being'fitted loosely on shaft, 9, and one end of said spring,J, being attached securely to gear, I, while the other end of saidspring isfastened firmly to the shouldered disk,

One, or -more pawls, are adapted'for coiiperation with shouldered. disk,H. Each pawl is pivoted to frame, A, by a screw or stud, 7c, and saidpawl is equipped with a releasing stud, 7c. The pawls are pressedintoengagement with the edge of the disk by springs, K ,fastened to theframe, A, and as the disk is turned, said pawls, K, engage successivelywith the shoulder, 72., of said disk, thus-restraining, the disk fromrotating under the action of the spring, J, and through the period whengear, I, is rotated by gear,.e so as to place said spring, un-

. der tens on.

L designates a trip which is integral with p or made fast to gear, I,for rotation therewith, and this trip extends beyond one side of thegear so that it will engage with the releasing studs, 7c, of pawls, K,successively,

thus throwing each pawl out f engagement with'the shoulder of disk, H,whereupon the spring, J, operates to turn the disk, H,in onedirectionuntil said disk is moved far enough for the next pawl, K, toengage with shoulder, 71., of said disk, and thus lock the disk againstcontinued rotation.

The base, a of the machine is provided wlth an opening, m, which isadapted to be closed by a door, M, see Fig. 2, said door beingpreferably movable. In one embodiment of the invention, the door isprovided with a lens tube, N, having a lens, n, adapted to project animage against film, F. Said film passes from the spool, B, to and aroundthe continuously rotating feed spool E, thence across to intermittentlyrotated take up spool, G, and'thence up to the positivly driven windingspool, C.

O, designates a guide secured rigidly in the frame back of the film-and.between spools, E, G. In addition to its function as a guidefor thesensitized film, =member 0 serves the further purpose of a backgroundfor the film, said member being composed, preferably, of opaque materialto preclude the passageof the light rays therethrough. Below this guideand parallel therewith is a guide plate,P, the same being secured firmlyinframe, A. One end of said guide plate is curved upwardly'at, p partway round the spool,- G,but the'other portion of the guide plate isdeflected upwardly at, p', near-spool, E, and'is then curved downwardlyat, 2 below said spool E, all is clearly shown in Fig. 2. 1 A

The guide plate is provided with an exposure opening, 0, in line withlens, n, and opposite to guide, 0, and with this gu1de and backgroundplate cooperates a shutter,

Q, shownin Figs. 2 and 5. Said shutter is provided with an opening, g,adapted to register with opening, 0, in the guide plate. As shown *inFig. 5, openings, 0, g, are oblong, but they may be of any desiredshape,

as for example, circular. The shutter, Q, is

adapted for reciprocating movement 1n frame, A, and it is preferred tomount the shutter for sliding movement between guide plate, P, and guiderail, 9. A stud or pin, 1', is fastened to the shutter and operates in aslot, 1", provided in one side member of Gr. It will be seen thatshutter, Q, is operated automatically by the means employed for movingthe film, F, and when said film is allowed to rest for a short time, theshutframe, A. To this pin, 1', is connected one ter operating meansoperates said shutter,-

Q, for moving its opening, g,' i1ito and out of register with theexposure opening, 0, of

guide plate, P, whereby a portion of the film is exposed for the lens toproject'the image against the sensitized surface of said film.

S, designates a hood, which issecured within the machine and to base, a,thereof. This hood extends from the base toward the shutter, Q, and itprecludes rays of light from having access to the lens chamber exceptthrough the shutter in the operation of the machine.

While the machine maybe employed for general photographiclwork in takinga succession of pictures rapidly of moving objects, I do not restrictthe machine to such use, for the reason thatinPFig- 6 I have shown saidfilm exposing machine in connection with-a magnifying apparatus, thelatter being in a form of microscope. The

film exposing machine is shown as resting upon a table, T, andcooperating with base,

a, of said machine is a bellows or collapsible chamber, 22, the samebeing adapted to extend into opening, m, and hood, S, of the machineshown in Fig. 2., An observation tube, at, having an eye piece, t isalso 'dis- I posed for cooperation with. hood, S, and in this embodimentof the invention, it ispreferred to provide shutter, Q, with a lightreflecting surface or medium, such as an opaque layer ofwhite material,like white chine wil not efl'ect or disturb the micro-.

scope or the image projected thereby. As is usualin the art, saidmicroscope is provided with a table, u, having means for-supports ing amicroscopic specimen between the lens of said microscope and a source oflight, such as an electric light apparatus indi cated at V in Fig. 6.

. In assemblingthe structure shown in 6, the bellows, -t, and thefilmex-posing machine are supported on table, T, and observation tube,t, is adjustedfinto coiiper'atiYe relation to the hood, S, and theshutter, Q. vThe microscope is moved for its lens tube t i e it h l o san wi h .thespur e.

of light apparatuSQV, and when the uired Bpp n 'n 1S pl c d, n" h tah.0. s id microscope, the apparatus is ready for use;

The light from apparatus, V, directed.

through the specimen to be photographed on the microscope, the latteroperating to project an enlarged image through bellows, I t, andagainstthe movable film, F, of the film exposing mach ne, whereby enlargedimages of the microscopic specimen may be photographed in rapidsuccession on the The hperation of exposing a film so as to obtain anumber of negatlves rapidly, is as follows :-A spool,'-BT, containing afilm o th proper kin r ace in t e mach ne for its tension device, I), to:engage with frame, A, and said film is adjusted beneath of theguide-plate, across saidguideplate, between it and guide," 0, thencebetween spool, C. I

The machine may be operated by power,

of any suitable kind, but when it is equipped with crank, d, saidmachine is operated by hand. The crank is turned in a direction torotate shaft, D theljeb making belt, D, rotate the windingspoo G, andgear,- a, operates gears-e and .1. Said gear, a, drives the spool, E,continuously in one direction', w'hereas the gear,-I, so coiipfimteswith spring, J, disk, H, and pawls, E,a"s" to rotate the take up spool,G,intermittently. j

The tension of spring, J:,' on disk, H, tends to tu n it in onedirection, and the tension of this spring is increased by reason of thefact that said spring is attached to gear, I,

which is turned by'gear, c. The tendency of disk, H, to rotate ischeckedby the engagement of one pawl, K, with the shoiilder,

h, of said disk, but when the trip, L, (which i tends to turn by reasonof its intermeshing engagement with gear,,e but the disk, H,

cannot turn. with the-gear or the spring, be.- causeit locked by thesecond pawl engagingwith the shoulder, h, thereof, and thus pn in esltroati n of g r, While t d vis locked, places spring J, under tension.

Now, when the*d1sk is free from the re straint of the pawl the springacts to impel the disk rapidly for a partial turn and {as said diskisfixed tothe shaft, 9, of take up spool, G, said's'pool is turned quicklyfor a certain nn'gular distance whereby the film, This drawn orfedforward the distance of one; negative or photographic exposure. Su hexp sur of h fil ei e t y ing shutter, Q, and said shutter is operatedwhile the film is at rest, so that the image will be projected upon thesensitized surface of said r v It will be. observed that the filmisengaged'with a feed spool, E, and a take up spool, G, the formerbeingrotated continuously andthe latter being rotated'intermittently.When the take up spool, G vand the film, F, are at rest,the spool, E,continues to turn, and-this operation causes the film to become bent,deflected, or arched as indicated at, f, in Fig. 2, whereby a certainamount of slack is; produced in the film when the take up spool, G, isnot turning. Now, when the spool, vG, is turned quickly by spring, J,and the described mechanism, said spool, G,

draws the film quickly so as to take up the spool, G, and curved part,p, of the guide plate, and finally is attached to the winding tremelysimple in construction and efficient 1n operation The parts composingthe intermittentfeed mechanism act with extreme rapidity to secure rapidintermittent motion of the film, whereby the succession of photographicexposures may be. made of a .moving object, thus producing a film withlatent impressions of said moving object, which can "be developed andfixed in any deired ma ne 4 While Ethe feed mechanism performs a numberof operations on the film, said feed mechanism is of so simple acharacter that reliable in service: Furthermore, the apparatus is-compact in. 'construction, so that it may becarried or. transportedwithease.

Having thus fully described the invention,

what I claimas new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is v V 1. Ina photographic apparatus, the combination-of means for supporting asensitized film, means, for producing an image on the sensitized surfaceof the film, a feed roll,,a take-up roll, a driving member, meanscooperating with the feed roll and the driving member for actuating saidfeed roll. at.

independently of the stop member for en. gagement with the shoulders onsaid member, and a power receiving member loosely mounted on saidspindle and, rotatable in dependently of the take-11p roll, a tensionmember mounted intermediate the shoul dered stoplmember and the powerreceiving member and coo crating with said members whereby the rotationof the power receiving member serves to place the spring under tensionwhile the take-up I roll is retained against rotation by the aforesaidcircumferentially disposed pawls, and a'trip on said power receivingmember for engaging said pawlsin succession whereby the tension of thetension member is allowed to interhi'ita tentl revolve the take-up roll.

2. n a photographic apparatus, the combination of means for supporting asensitized film, means for producing an image on the sensitized surfaceof the film, a feed roll, a take-up roll, a driving member, meanscooperating with the feed roll and the driving member for actuating saidfeed roll at a constant speed, and means cooperating with the take-uproll for imparting intermittent rotation thereto, said means embodying ashouldered stop member mounted on the spindle of said take-up roll androtatable with said roll, a plurality of pawls mounted independently ofthe stop member for engagement with the shoulders on said member, and apower receiving member loosely mounted on said spindle, and rotatableindependently of the take-up roll, a tension member mounted intermediatethe shouldered stop member and the power receiving member andcooperating with said members whereby the rotationof the power receivingmember serves to place the spring under tension while the take-up rollis retained against rotation by the aforesaid circumferentially disposedpawls, and a trip rotatable with the power receiving memberforengagingsaid pawls in succession, where-,1,

bination with means for impartin I 4. In a photographic apparatus, thecom bination with means for imparting movement intermittently to asensitized film, and means for projecting an image against thesensitizedsurface of said film,'of a shutter 3. In'a photographic apparatus, thecomi movement intermittently to a sensitized 1m, and

means for projecting an image against the sensitized surface of saidfilm, of a shutter and light-reflecting surface cooperating with theshutter and adapted to be interposed inthe path of theprojected imagewhereby the image may be. viewed and the object kept in pro-per focusduring the movementof the film.

provided with a light reflecting surface adapted tobe interposed in thepath of the projected image, and observation 1 means whereby an operatormayv view the images reflectedby said light-reflecting ,surface so as toenable the object to be kept in proper focus during the movement of thefilm.

5. In a photographic apparatus, the combination with means for impartingmovement intermittently to a sensitized film, and

means for projecting an image against the sensitized surface of saidfilm, of a shutter operating to expose the film during the intervals ofrest of the shutter, said shutter being provided with a surface adaptedto reflect the light, and observation means cooperating with the shutterso that an operator may view the image reflected by said reflectingsurface of the shutter. and be thus enabled to keep the object infocusduring the movement of the film. r

6. In a photographic appar tus, the com binationwith means for im artingmovement intermittently to a sensitized film, and means for project ngan image against the sensitized surface of said film, of a shutteroperating to expose the film, a light-reflecting surface cooperatingwith the shutter and adapted to be interposed at intervals in the pathof light 'to the fihn and to reflect the image, a light-excluding hoodin front A v of the shutter, and an observation tube 00- operating withthe hood and the shutter whereby an operator mayvicw on thelightreflecting surface the images to beprojected on the film and tokeep the object in focus during the movement of said film.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses:

ROBERT HEAD.

Witnesses: v

H. I. BERNHARD, M. Q. POWELL.

